Turbine impeller



Jan. 6, l` 1. R. LACK TUHBINE IMPELLER Filed May ll. 1929 i Patented Jan. 6, 1931 i 1,788,302 f i UNWEDMTES RUDOLF Laon oF TURBNE IMPnLLEn Application filed May 1i, 1929, serial No. seagaaneat'eefinany May-'19, Yleze.

The present invention refers to a rotatable impeller or runner of a turbine or hydraulic machine. lt is known to provide the vanes for the impeller with means which permit 5 their adjustment by turning them on radial axles or journals arrangedin the hub o' the wheel (Kaplan-turbine) for the purpose of regulating, especiallyfor enlarging orv diminishing the passages between thel vanes within said rotor. This arrangement has several inconveniences. First, the vanes need with regard to their adjustment by radial journals a very complicated mechanism tor their adjustment. Further, this mechanism may be only used, whenthe number ot' vanes and the waterhead are small.

The object of the invention is to avoidthese inconveniences and to provide an impeller with means for regulating the width oit' its passages without turning the vanes on radial axles and to provide means for adjusting the vanes in their axial and radial relations and with respect to' the direction oftheir rotation.

lustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which: Figure l is a sectional side elevation of an impeller embodying the present invention. Fig. 2 is a top view of the entire impeller.

line l-L Fig. l. Fig.V t is a detailed sec- Itional view of two series or groups of vanes. This figure shows'a diagrammatic development of the runner and more particularly the relative peripherial positions of the vanes and, for instance, by dotted lines certain, vanes displaced axially in 'v the direction of arrows. Fig. 5 is asimilar detailed'sectional view of two groups of vanes. This 40 figure shows more particularly the relative peripherial positions of vanes and, for instance, by dotted lines certain vanes dis-` placed radially and vaxially in the direction ot arrows indicated.

The impeller is provided with two groups of vanes. The vanesl a of the one group may be arranged in front of the other vanes b in axial direction. Preferably, the vanes b are offsetopposite the water-passages formed 5@ between the vanes a, which are fastened to This object is attained by improvements il to the vanes a will be changed, for the pur- F ig. 3 is a detailed sectional view on a. By thisrvane structure and displacement thehub V'aloft the impeller; v The, dista-sf Y tenedto theshaft. CZ vand outl diametralito;y

form slots e for receivingzstuds `ffoffa cross.; head g. which is, connected` withthe vanesil o bymeans of.: an. annular piecefh or' the like.'v 55,., Tlie crossehea'deV g; is rotatably mounted' on; a; rod 'z'z which.` passes throught the E liollow'sha'ftr ori-the impeller' and isvprovidedawith twoi shoulders, one; above andthe ,otherA below: ther cross+headf through whichy it. passes; `The. 60,X `most accurate displacementof the vanesiandi Y cross-head.ca-nbe eitected by thefmanipul'a-A tion ofthis rod. j ltgwillbeevident: that by longitudinal adjustment of the rod e', the stud f will be ca moved backward or forward in the inclined slots c so as Vto Vimpart to thevane b an ad# j ustment in an axial direction with respect to the vanes a, that is, toward or from said vanes a, and that in such adjustment of the 7.oe rod i and studs f the vanes will be partially rotated about an axis concentric with the propeller shaft, by means of which'the angular relationship of. the vanes Z) with respect i 7.5` poses described.

l/Vith regard to suiicient quantity or full admissionv of water, the groups of vanes a and are spaced axially from another for one vane-length. Y At other conditions, especially with regard to small water-quantity or admission, the vanes a and b are drawn close in order to obtain an arrangement, in which theV vanes o may `eitect as complementary members or continuations of the upper vanes the area of ,passages between them may be more advantageously increased or decreased.

In Figs. e and 5 are the groups of vanes represented in diagrammatic development. The Figs. 4 and 5 show, for instance, the initial and terminal position of the vanes b corresponding respectively to the greatest or smallest passages between the latter.V Arrows show the directions in which the vanes Z) may be displaced. The vanes are drawn into their terminal positionclose towards the vanes a as indicated by dotted lines. But any other intermediate position may be given to the vanes o, until the best/adjustment is found, and theadjustment may be changed at any time' to suit new requirements.' l

The number of revolutions of the impeller remains equal at each'position of vanes and admission of Water.

The means for displacing the vanes b may Ybe alsocombined with the ordinary turbine governor or means by which the Waterl ow before entering the impeller is regmated au.V l tomatically during Working or idlehours. i A

Iclaim: v .Y l. A rotatable impeller for hydraulic turbines having concentric shafts each provided with a row of vanes,` and means for relatively adjusting said shafts to e'ect axial displacement of one row of vanes WithV relation to thek other row yof vanes. Y H Y 21A rotatable impeller for hydraulic turbines having ooncentricshafts each provided Witha roW of vanes, and means for relatively adjusting said shafts to effect axial displacec ment of one row of vanes with relation to the signature.

other row of vanes and angular adjustment l of one rowof'vanes With respect to the other row of vanes. Y

Y In testimony whereof l havealiixed `my RUDOLF LACK. 

